Endoskop khusus UBE

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🔍 I. Core Characteristics and Applications of common Angle Lenses

0-degree mirror
- Visual field characteristicsDirect vision, no Angle shift, direction consistent with the axis of the mirror body, providing an intuitive experience close to open surgery
- Main uses：
  - The first choice for novice doctors, reducing the risk of structural misjudgment caused by perspective deviation;
  - Precisely locate key anatomical landmarks such as the inner walls of nerve roots and pedicle roots;
  - Ensure thorough decompression of the facet joints (corner area) to avoid residual compression due to blind spots in the field of vision
- Operational limitationsThe field of view is relatively small, and the position of the endoscope body needs to be frequently adjusted when operating in narrow anatomical areas
30-degree mirror
- Visual field characteristicsThe inclined Angle provides a wider field of view. By rotating the lens body, lateral and corner structures (such as the contralateral recess and intervertebral foramen) can be observed.
- Main uses：
  - Dealing with complex spinal stenosis, especially cases requiring bilateral decompression;
  - Endoscopic fusion (such as BE-TLIF) facilitates the observation of the Cage insertion position and the decompression effect of nerve roots.
  - Efficiently complete operations such as grinding of hyperplastic bone and ligament resection
- Key skillsThe interface of the cold light source should be kept parallel to the center line of the transverse protrusion to avoid distortion of the field of view. Rotating the mirror body instead of changing the direction of entry can expand the observation range
Other angles (such as 15 degrees, 45 degrees, 70 degrees)
- Current situation descriptionIn the current mainstream clinical literature and device instructions,The regular application of 15-degree, 45-degree or 70-degree lenses was not widely mentioned. However, 15 degrees and 45 degrees were discovered and improved by SCONOR Company during the tests. Especially for the observation of the perspective under fusion, the detailed handling of the 30-degree strabismus Angle has been solved, allowing the surgeon to hold the lens more vertically and making the fusion perspective more accurate.
- Speculation on possible uses(Based on the general logic of endoscopy) :
  - A wide-angle mirror with an Angle of over 45 degreesIt can be used in extremely lateral anatomical regions (such as the external orifice of the intervertebral foramen and the transverse process area), but in UBE surgery, 30° rotation of the endoscope is often relied on as a substitute.
  - Special curved mirrorIt is only occasionally used in custom instruments or complex revision surgeries and is not a standardized configuration

⚖️ II. Angle selection strategy and operational adaptation suggestions

Novice recommendation combination: ToThe 0-degree mirror is the main mirrorEnsure accurate anatomical positioning; In complex areas, 30-degree mirrors are used for random checks to verify the decompression effect
Complex stenosis/fusion surgery：Prefer 30-degree lensesIts wide-angle field of view and rotational flexibility significantly enhance operational efficiency.
Switch logicIf the 0-degree endoscope exposure is restricted during the operation (such as severe hyperplasia blocking), immediately switch to 30-degree endoscope dilation surgery

📊 III. Key performance comparison table of Lenses from different angles

Angle	Visual field characteristics	Main application scenarios	Operational advantages	Precautions
0 degrees	Direct vision without deviation	Basic decompression and nerve root localization	Reduce the risk of misjudgment and have a low learning curve	The field of vision is narrow, and the corners are poorly exposed
30 degrees	Inclined wide Angle (rotation expansion)	Bilateral decompression and endoscopic fusion for spinal stenosis	There are few blind spots for observation and a wide coverage area for operation	Rotation skills need to be trained to prevent visual distortion
45+ degrees	A wide-angle side view	The extremely lateral region (Theory)	It may be used for special anatomy	Non-standard

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